In Vitro Fertilization Now Effective with Single Embryo

In the U.S. and some other countries, two embryos are generally used for in vitro fertilization (IVF) for women between ages 35 and 39. However, researchers in Finland are finding that infertile women in this age bracket have success with assisted reproduction when a single, high quality embryo is implanted.

When a high quality embryo is available, a single transfer can reduce the chance of having twins, which can be more risky than the birth of one baby. In the recent Finnish study, a third of the women were successful on the first try in conceiving and delivering a baby using only one frozen embryo. With more than one attempt, 40% of older women were successful in delivering a baby.


According to a reproduction specialist in the U.S., the quality of the embryo is more important than a woman’s age when deciding to use a single or double embryo transfer. Because IVF is so expensive (from $10,000 to $15,000), many American women try other infertility treatments first.

In Finland and other Scandinavian countries, the patient does not pay for assisted reproduction. For that reason, IVF is used five times as often in women having difficulty conceiving in Finland than in the U.S. After trying other techniques for a number of years, American women tend to be older when resorting to IVF, and they may have more serious infertility.

The transfer of three or more embryos was common practice in the U.S. several years ago, but today it is rare to implant more than two embryos. Reproduction experts in the U.S. are now beginning to recommend single embryo transfer to their infertile patients, using good-quality embryos. Some couples continue to risk having twins rather than to face the possibility that a single embryo might not produce a baby.

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